The process for entry into the drug treatment court begins after arrest, when the charging document is filed. A defendant may be referred to the program at any stage of the proceedings, though it is recommended that referral be made at the earliest possible point. The 36th District Court Probation Department uses a validated risk/needs assessment instrument (LS/CMI). The assessment instrument guides supervision decisions based on the individual’s level of risk and helps determine the case plan objectives according to their prioritized needs. At arraignment, the district attorney conducts an initial screening by confirming the defendant is at least 18 years of age and eligible for probation as charged. Defense counsel reviews the case and screens for the remaining requirements. If the defendant appears eligible based on this initial screening, the case may be referred by the prosecutor, defense counsel, judicial officer, or probation to drug treatment court.

The program consists of five phases lasting a minimum of 14 months. The five-phase structure is based on the model suggested by the Treatment Court Institute. It incorporates the minimum requirements for each phase, with an individualized approach based on the clinical and criminal justice needs of each participant. Program participation includes a peer mentor support component, responsive services, and recovery-oriented wraparound services, including Habilitation, Empowerment, Accountability, Therapy (HEAT), to meet the unique needs of an urban population.

Entry into the program is voluntary. Once an individual has been sentenced, they may not voluntarily withdraw from the program without facing a violation of probation. Those individuals determined to be both legally and clinically appropriate for the program and wish to participate sign a contract with the terms of their plea and agree to follow all program rules and requirements.

• Extensive continuum of treatment services
• Peer support specialist and mentors
• Housing First
• Habilitation Empowerment Accountability Therapy (HEAT) certified
• Service/therapy animals
• Yoga and mindfulness meditation
• Caregiver support and family reunification funding sources
• Presiding Judge Shannon Holmes is a member of the board of directors for All Rise and the Michigan Association of Treatment Court Professionals, as well as an appointed member of an advisory committee for the state of Michigan

The target population for the B-SOBR program consists of high-risk, high-need individuals facing misdemeanor DUII charges who require intensive intervention and support. Eligibility is determined through a comprehensive assessment using the IDA (Impaired Driving Assessment) administered by our case manager, along with a background check to ensure there are no disqualifying offenses. If individuals qualify and are accepted into the program, they submit a plea and are sentenced to probation while participating. This approach ensures that defendants receive the supervision and treatment necessary for successful rehabilitation and reduced recidivism while addressing the underlying substance use issues contributing to their behavior.

The B-SOBR program typically lasts 18 to 24 months and consists of five phases. The program’s therapeutic approach is designed to support long-term recovery and reduce recidivism by providing a structured process. Participants undergo regular drug screening and are required to attend treatment sessions tailored to their individual needs. In addition to attending regular court appearances, participants have frequent check-ins with a case manager to ensure accountability and progress. This comprehensive approach aims to address both the legal and therapeutic needs of participants, guiding them toward lasting sobriety and successful integration into the community.

• Gender-specific dockets
• Therapy dogs in courtroom
• Strong law enforcement participation
• Collaborative community partnerships
• Strong team collaboration
• Trauma-informed court process

(W)RAP referrals are preliminarily screened by the assistant state’s attorney and then reviewed as a team during staffing. If the referral meets the criminal requirements, the referred individual is screened and assessed by the assistant public defender to gauge interest, the case manager to gauge clinical eligibility, and the probation officer to assess risk. The target population of (W)RAP is individuals charged with nonviolent felony offenses who have been diagnosed with a substance use disorder. To be accepted, an individual must be assessed as high risk and high need, be diagnosed with a substance use disorder, and have accepted that they struggle with substance use. They must also be willing to engage and comply with the requirements of the program.

Upon acceptance, the individual enters a guilty plea and is sentenced to two years of (W)RAP. Participants then begin treatment and accessing services provided by community partners and funded by (W)RAP grants.

• Gender-specific tracks
• Expungement assistance
• Housing vouchers
• Employment partnerships
• On-site recovery support meetings

The target population served is high/moderate risk, and all participants are high need. To be considered for the program, individuals are evaluated using ORAS (a risk screening tool) and The ASAM Criteria (for needs), then referred for a clinical assessment to determine final eligibility and needed level of care. Individuals deemed both legally and clinically appropriate for the program, and who wish to participate, sign a contract with the terms of their plea and agree to follow all program rules and requirements. Referrals can be made at any stage of the court process, from the arraignment to sentencing, as well as during probation violation hearings. The cases can be either post-conviction or pre-plea diversion. Referrals can be made by the public defender, defense counsel, district attorney, probation department, law enforcement, or judge, as well as by the individual or family member.

The program lasts a minimum of 12 months and includes five in-court phases; individual participants’ needs and progress ultimately determine the length of participation. Although there is a required minimum amount of time for each phase, participants advance based on their performance and progress through meeting essential goals. In the early phases, participants meet with the judge and court team weekly to discuss and evaluate progress, treatment participation, and achievements. Participants are supported by a team of treatment professionals who assist the participant in all phases of treatment and recovery using evidence-based therapeutic approaches. Program completion depends on each participant’s compliance and continued advancement through phases.

• Referrals can be made at any stage of the criminal justice process, including probation/parole violation
• Collaborative community partnerships and incorporation of prosocial events
• Education and vocation coordinator
• Trauma-informed practices and screening upon admission
• Specific tracks based on risk and need
• Strong court team collaboration
• Medication for addiction treatment
• CIT-trained probation officers
• Dedicated treatment groups for participants

• Individualized treatment plans designed to meet each participant’s unique needs
• Comprehensive addiction medicine services provided by a licensed addiction medicine physician
• Financial support (e.g., scholarships) to provide safe, sober housing
• Alumni mentor program
• Robust incentives program
• Strong treatment court team collaboration
• Collaborative community partnerships to enhance resources and support

The Midland County Adult Felony Drug Court (AFDC) targets individuals assessed as high-risk/high-need who are charged with a felony offense in which their substance use disorder was a significant contributing factor. To apply, defendants may submit an application online, through the jail kiosk, or in person to the court coordinator’s office. All applicants are required to attend a court session prior to moving on to the assessment portion of the process. During the observation, applicants have an opportunity to meet and ask questions of program alumni. Applications are screened by the district attorney’s office for legal eligibility. Following their observation, applicants are scheduled for risk and needs assessments. The information from these assessments is presented to the judge during the following team staffing session. After reviewing the assessment information, a determination on acceptance is made and the district attorney moves forward with a plea offer.

ADFC is a minimum 14-month program with a 6-month post-graduate component. Phase structure is separated between treatment and supervision, allowing the two parts to run independently for the best interest of the participant. Phases do not have minimum time limits; rather, they focus on participant-set goals for treatment, personal life, career, and recovery. Treatment plans are individually created by our in-house treatment team with input from the participant. We have resources available outside traditional substance use disorder focuses, including family and parent/child counseling, trauma counseling, financial management, anger management, employment assistance, life skills, and other aspects of personal growth and health.

• Dedicated judge, court coordinator, and probation staff for treatment court dockets
• Dedicated law enforcement officer who serves dual roles as bailiff and compliance officer
• 6-month post-graduation aftercare
• Contracted device monitoring specialist to manage device placement (e.g., SCRAM, RB, sweat patches, hair test, GPS), conduct on-site urinalyses as needed, and report and explain test results
• Community partnerships (e.g., inpatient rehab facilities, sober living homes, recovery community outlets) to provide additional support and resources for participants

The program serves adults at a high risk of reoffending who have substantial needs for treatment and supportive services. To be considered for the program, applicants must be legal residents of Salt Lake County, have a substance-related charge, and agree to plead into the program. As part of the screening process, applicants undergo a standardized risk/need assessment (LS/CMI); to qualify, individuals must meet the criteria of being both high risk and high need. The district attorney’s office reviews each application and decides whether to extend a “plea in abeyance” or offer a “condition of probation.” Additionally, applicants are required to complete a comprehensive psychosocial assessment conducted by a licensed therapist. This assessment helps determine the appropriate level of care for treatment using a standardized evaluation tool.

The program consists of five phases completed over a minimum of 15 months, and participation in the program is voluntary. Program completion time varies, as each participant’s needs and treatment progress dictate the length of participation. Each phase is designed to demonstrate commitment to recovery, building recovery capital, and integrating safely back into the community by becoming or improving upon self-sufficiency. Each participant has support from our local law enforcement that has a team of sworn officers whose sole assignment is supporting our treatment court both in the field and in court. In addition to support from the legal team and law enforcement, participants have both a case manager and clinical case manager, substance use and mental health treatment services, peer support, and alumni services.

• Evidenced-based practices
• Assessment and recovery capital driven
• Trauma informed
• Dedicated law enforcement team
• Collaborative community partners
• On-site clinical support team
• Extensive continuum of treatment services
• Peer support specialists and alumni

Our program serves individuals charged with a felony offense who are high-risk/high-need as identified by assessments (state comprehensive assessment for substance use disorder needs and the RANT or LSCMI for risk). There are very few disqualifying offenses, namely those where a judge is required by state statute to impose a prison sentence. We accept individuals at any stage of the court process, from pre-plea to probation violation. Law enforcement conducts a public safety check, and the prosecutor verifies criminal history. Referred individuals complete a comprehensive assessment during the screening process to identify their substance use disorder treatment needs. Probation meets with the individual to conduct the risk assessment (if not already done as part of their sentence). If concerns are identified at any point in the screening/assessment process, the team meets to discuss, and the final acceptance decision is made by the judge.

The five-phase program currently lasts a minimum of 14 months, and participants average 20 months to complete the program. Participants are referred to the appropriate level of care upon entering the program, if they are not already in treatment. If they have not had a diagnostic assessment completed, they are scheduled for one to determine mental health needs. Participants meet with the team social worker when they enter the program to complete an intake assessment and determine recovery capital needs and goals. In addition to manualized treatment conducted by community providers, we also offer Seeking Safety and Moral Reconation Therapy (or alternative depending on treatment recommendations). We have robust treatment representation on our treatment court team and offer a wide range of agencies with varying levels of care to our participants. Additionally, we have a psychotherapist in staffing to help us better understand the impacts of diagnoses and medications on client behavior and how we can best respond to behaviors and needs. Treatment providers are in communication with probation and social workers to enhance our ability to serve participants.

• Additional treatment court team members, including social workers, peer support workers, a psychotherapist, a housing manager, jail representatives, and a medical toxicologist
• Partnership with evaluator to ensure continual alignment with best practices
• Strong collaboration between probation, treatment, and county social worker
• Close working relationship with the seven other treatment courts in our district
• Creating an alumni group in partnership with local peer recovery groups and other local treatment courts

The program serves adults who have either violated probation due to ongoing substance use issues or have an original case for sentencing in the circuit court. The referral process can begin any time after a candidate has been charged and a criminal case has been filed. Referrals can be received from anyone, including but not limited to individuals, attorneys, corrections, treatment, community service providers, and family members. It is preferred the referral be sent as soon as possible after arrest; however, an individual can be referred at any time during the proceedings. The program’s target population is high-risk/high-need individuals. The screening process uses a validated risk/need instrument (RANT); the prosecutor’s office completes a legal screening using objective legal eligibility criteria; if found legally eligible, the candidate is screened for clinical eligibility by a licensed clinician to determine if the candidate meets the clinical criteria of ASAM Level 2 or higher. Once the candidate is determined to be legally and clinically eligible for the program and has signed a participant contract with the assistance of counsel, the court may impose treatment court participation as a condition of probation at the time of sentencing.

The program lasts 15-18 months and consists of four phases outlined in the participant handbook. Each participant has an individualized case management plan based on their specific treatment and justice needs. Each participant must engage in treatment throughout the entirety of the program and is offered a full purview of services, including group and individual counseling, mental health therapy, medication for addiction treatment, psychiatric medication management, peer support, inpatient treatment, detoxification services, medium-intensity residential treatment services, and other services as recommended by treatment providers.

• Treatment court team members work cohesively with a strong commitment to their respective roles and program participants
• Full continuum of behavioral health treatment services, including peer recovery specialists
• Founding judge continues to preside over the program
• Collaborative community partnerships to provide employment, health, legal, financial, housing, and education support
• Active and ongoing law enforcement participation
• Services for original case disposition, violation of probation, and reentry

The Broward County Drug Court serves individuals with nonviolent felony charges and substance use disorders. Participants enter by signing a deferred prosecution agreement with the department of corrections and agreeing to complete treatment and program requirements

• Extensive continuum of treatment services
• Collaborative case planning
• Medication for addiction treatment
• Court program specialists
• Peer recovery coaching
• Housing vouchers